Visuthranukul C, et al. - Since a low-glycemic index (GI) diet may modulate adipocyte-produced adipokines linking to insulin resistance, researchers sought to compare the plasma adipokine concentrations of obese children on the low-GI diet and conventional diet. The stored plasma samples from the RCT of a low-GI vs conventional diet in obese children have been analyzed for adipokines: leptin, adiponectin, resistin, and visfatin. Fifty-two candidates finished the 6-month intervention trial (mean age: 12.0 ± 2.0 years, 35 boys). Despite the fact that a low-GI diet had no discernible effect on plasma adipokines, higher baseline leptin levels were associated with a lower reduction in fat mass. Leptin resistance may have a negative impact on adiposity reduction in obese children. In an obesity intervention trial, baseline leptin could be a useful predictor of body composition change.