Korkmaz MF, et al. - Among 32 patients with IDA (study group), mean age 12.22 ± 4.48 years (ranged 5–18 years), and 30 healthy children (control group), mean age 12.37 ± 3.76 years (ranged 6–18 years), researchers sought to assess retinal vascular parameters by optical coherence tomography angiography in iron deficiency anemia (IDA). All individuals underwent a complete ocular examination. Data reported that the mean foveal avascular zone value was 0.290 ± 0.09 mm² in the study group and 0.298 ± 0.11 mm² in the control group. A positive correlation was observed between mean corpuscular volume and ferritin values and capillary plexus density whereas a negative relationship was found between serum iron, total iron-binding capacity, and capillary plexus density. Findings revealed that IDA had significantly lower capillary plexus density. Microvascular retinal changes were detected in young IDA patients prior to the development of significant ocular anomalies, particularly ischaemic changes.