Li M, Zhao C, Xie S, et al. - Researchers evaluated the role of hypogonadism in brain development in Turner syndrome (TS) using multimodal MRI. Participants were 23 adolescent girls with TS who were examined for brain structural (ie, gray matter morphology and white matter connectivity) and functional phenotypes (ie, resting-state functional measures). Findings revealed in girls with TS, brain structure development during adolescence was influenced by estrogen deficiency. Estrogen replacement therapy was shown to have a crucial role in treating TS. Regarding the mechanism whereby hypogonadism impacts brain development during adolescence in girls with TS, novel insights were provided by this investigation. Gray matter volume around the left medial orbitofrontal cortex and white matter diffusion parameters around the bilateral corticospinal tract, anterior thalamic radiation, left superior longitudinal fasciculus, and cingulum bundle were significantly impacted by the “group-by-age” interaction, as seen in statistical analysis.