Haidl F, et al. - Given fentanyl may have negative effects on the neonate in terms of reduced neonatal neurologic and adaptive capacity scores and breast feeding when used in labor epidural analgesia, researchers tested their hypothesis that addition of adrenaline 2 μg/mL to a solution of bupivacaine 1 mg/mL and fentanyl 2 μg/mL would reduce the systemic uptake of fentanyl, resulting in reduced serum fentanyl in the fetus at birth. They found lowering of maternal systemic serum fentanyl concentration during the first 2 hours was provided by the addition of adrenaline to an epidural solution containing fentanyl but this strategy failed to lower serum fentanyl concentration in the umbilical vein and mother at delivery.