Kirpalani H, et al. - In this randomized clinical trial, researchers ascertained if a ventilation strategy including sustained inflations reduces bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or death at 36 weeks’ postmenstrual age without harm in extremely preterm infants vs standard intermittent positive pressure ventilation. The trial was completed by 426 infants among 460 randomized infants. The data presented in this work showed a ventilation strategy involving 2 sustained inflations, compared with standard intermittent positive pressure ventilation, did not reduce the risk of BPD or death at 36 weeks’ postmenstrual age among extremely preterm infants requiring resuscitation at birth. The use of ventilation with sustained inflations among extremely preterm infants was not supported, although early termination of the trial limits definitive conclusions.