Pelekanou V, et al. – Researchers appraised stromal tumor–infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD–L1) protein expression in a cohort of breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In comparison to pretreatment tissue, increase in stromal TILs in residual cancer demonstrated a link with improved recurrence–free survival. As compared to pretreatment samples, PD–L1 expression decreased in residual disease, irrespective of a trend for increasing TIL counts.