Pasayan MKU, et al. - In view of the recommendation for Mycobacterium avium complex prophylaxis in patients with advanced HIV infection, researchers examined how macrolide prophylaxis impacts AIDS-defining conditions and HIV-associated mortality in a cohort of HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). They analyzed patients from TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (September 2015 data transfer) aged 18 years and older with a CD4 count <50 cells/mm³ at ART initiation. Asian HIV-infected patients with low CD4 cell counts and on ART showed improved survival in correlation with macrolide prophylaxis. Therefore, this study supports enhancing macrolide prophylaxis use and coverage among people living with HIV in Asia.