França MCM, et al. - Experts assessed the viability of periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PLF) in contact with roots, submitted to surface treatments with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and hyaluronic acid (HA) at different times, including to quantify inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-1β and TNF-β expressed by PLF. They also ascertained the adhesion of fibroblasts to treated root surfaces. For cases of avulsed teeth, EDTA + HA was an alternative treatment as it promoted adhesion and increased viability of PLF. More cytokines were expressed with PLF in contact with dried root surfaces without treatment with IL-6 decreasing the expression when treated with HA for 24 hours. A statistically significant effect of surface treatment on the cell viability in groups WD, 1 hd and 24 hd was noted.