Liu B, Cai J, Xu Y, et al. - In this Early Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus study, a prospective cohort study, researchers sought to examine gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) diagnosed by early and standard oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) and determine adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes correlated with early GDM diagnosis. Each study participant underwent 2 OGTTs, an early OGTT at 18 to 20 gestational weeks (gws) and a standard OGTT at 24 to 28 gws. In total, 522 candidates completed both the early and standard OGTTs. Maternal and neonatal metabolic disorders and adverse pregnancy outcomes are associated with early-onset GDM diagnosed by OGTT at 18 to 20 gws. The significance of early screening for GDM will be verified by further randomized controlled trials on the therapeutic efficacy for early-onset GDM.