Amaro CM, et al. - During this research, authors resolved to analyze the consequence of early caffeine on the age of first successful extubation in preterm infants. The age of first successful extubation was not reduced by the early initiation of caffeine in this group of premature infants. Data displayed a nonsignificant trend toward higher mortality in the early caffeine group, which resulted in a cautious decision to stop the trial. Hence, caution was recommended with early use of caffeine in mechanically ventilated preterm infants until more efficacy and safety data become available.