Khan MR, et al. - The experts undertook this study in order to measure correlations between parental incarceration and STI/HIV-related drug use and sex risk, wherein differences were evaluated by race, age at first parental incarceration, and potential mediators of the relationship. The priority populations for substance use and STI/HIV prevention and treatment comprised of children affected by parental incarceration. In decarceration discussions, the unintended consequences of incarceration for children needed to be considered.