Goldman JW, Dvorkin M, Chen Y, et al. - Among patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC), a significant improvement in overall survival with first-line durvalumab plus etoposide with either cisplatin or carboplatin (platinum–etoposide) vs platinum–etoposide alone was achieved in the CASPIAN study, so researchers here present updated findings, including the primary analysis for overall survival with durvalumab plus tremelimumab plus platinum–etoposide vs platinum–etoposide alone. CASPIAN represents an ongoing, open-label, sponsor-blind, randomised, controlled phase 3 trial conducted at 209 cancer treatment centres in 23 countries globally. Eligible patients were randomized (1:1:1) to receive intravenous durvalumab plus tremelimumab plus platinum–etoposide, durvalumab plus platinum–etoposide, or platinum–etoposide alone. Findings demonstrated that sustained overall survival improvement was conferred by first-line durvalumab plus platinum–etoposide vs platinum–etoposide, however, no significant improvement in outcomes was achieved with the addition of tremelimumab to durvalumab plus platinum–etoposide vs platinum–etoposide. For the first-line therapy of ES-SCLC, the use of durvalumab plus platinum–etoposide was supported as a novel standard of care.