Li G, et al. - Via a retrospective case-control study of individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or controls who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University between April 2008 and December 2016, the experts assessed if there were any differences in the patterns of metabolic abnormalities among patients with RA with comorbid T2DM and other populations, and to plan the dose-response associations between metabolic indexes and the risk of comorbid T2DM among patients with RA. A total of 261 controls, 274 patients with T2DM, 276 patients with RA and 151 patients with RA+T2DM were included. In comparison to RA patients, higher levels of systolic blood pressure (SBP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and triglyceride (TG) were displayed by patients with RA+T2DM. The proportions of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol dyslipidemia in the RA+T2DM group were observed as greater as that of the RA group alone. For comorbid T2DM among subjects with RA, rheumatoid factor positivity and IFG were independent risk indicators. Hence, between SBP, TC, TG and the risk of comorbid T2DM, linear dose-response associations among patients with RA were discovered, while a non-linear dose-response correlation between FPG and the risk of comorbid T2DM was ascertained. In contrast with RA only patients, individuals with RA+T2DM more likely presented metabolic abnormalities. Moreover, more attention from rheumatologists and endocrinologists is required for patients with RA+T2DM with metabolic abnormalities.