Does vaginal delivery cause more damage to the pelvic floor than cesarean section as determined by 3D ultrasound evaluation? A systematic review
International Urogynecology Journal | Mar 25, 2018
de Araujo CC, et al. - Given that pregnancy and delivery are well-established risk factors for pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD), researchers here evaluated the impact of delivery route on the pelvic floor muscles via 3D ultrasound. In this study, they noted an association of vaginal delivery with a higher number of levator ani muscle (LAM) injuries, puborectalis defects, increased bladder neck mobility, and enlargement of the hiatal area.
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