Kelly DM, et al. - In this systematic review and meta-regression, researchers desired to know whether there was still an independent association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and stroke risk following adjusting for traditional risk factors, especially with more complete adjustment for confounding by blood pressure. One hundred sixty-eight studies were identified reporting data on 5,611,939 candidates with 115,770 stroke outcomes. Among candidates with an estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min per 1.73 m², incident stroke risk was increased but there was substantial heterogeneity between studies. Findings suggested that the correlation of CKD with stroke seems to be highly dependent on the hypertension adjustment method. The apparently independent connection between CKD and stroke can be confounded by their shared relation with long-term prior blood pressure.