Prado EL, et al. - In this systematic review and meta-analysis, 7,207 randomized trials conducted during pregnancy and in children aged 0–5 years that reported impacts of any intervention on length-for-age or height-for-age Z scores and on outcomes like motor, cognitive or mental, language, and social-emotional or behavioral development were involved to evaluate whether impacts of interventions on linear growth were correlated with impacts on developmental scores and to quantify these relationships. Betterments in linear growth were related to small improvements in child development, in nutritional supplementation interventions, whereas nurturing and stimulation interventions had important influences on child development although no impacts on linear growth were noted. The determinants of linear growth and neurodevelopment are only partially shared. To sustain flourishing individuals and communities, interventions should particularly target determinants of neurodevelopment and not just linear growth.