Lin LH, Maestá I, St. Laurent JD, et al. - Complete moles progressing to gestational trophoblastic neoplasia were compared with those regressing after surgical evacuation for the possible differences in microRNA expression. Researchers extracted total RNA from fresh frozen tissues from 39 complete moles obtained at the time of uterine evacuation in Brazil. In the study, human chorionic gonadotropin normalization was achieved in 39 cases without further therapy, and 9 cases developed gestational trophoblastic neoplasia necessitating chemotherapy. In addition, extraction of total RNA was done from 2 choriocarcinoma cell lines, JEG-3 and JAR, and an immortalized normal placenta cell line, 3A-subE. They identified, in total, 462 microRNAs in all samples at a threshold of < 1 tag per million. MicroRNA sequencing revealed association of complete moles progressing to gestational trophoblastic neoplasia with a distinct microRNA profile. Findings suggest possible utility of miR-181 family members and BCL2 as prognostic biomarkers for predicting gestational trophoblastic neoplasia risk.