Picazo ML, et al. - Researchers examined how dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived 3D measurements at the lumbar spine are associated with osteoporosis-related vertebral fractures in this retrospective case-control study. A database of 74 postmenopausal women-37 subjects with incident vertebral fractures and 37 age-matched controls without any type of fracture-was retrospectively analyzed. Analyzing the baseline DXA scans at the lumbar spine (ie, before the fracture event for subjects in the fracture group), they measured areal bone mineral density (aBMD) was measured. Fracture group had 9.3% lower aBMD compared with the control group; a higher difference was found for trabecular vBMD in the vertebral body. As per findings, cortical and trabecular measurements from DXA-derived 3D models could discriminate between fracture and control groups. Large cohorts need to be analyzed to determine if these measurements could improve fracture risk prediction in clinical practice. Best discrimination between fracture and control groups was provided by measuring trabecular volumetric bone mineral density.