Palmu AA, et al. - The authors sought to examine the effectiveness of ten-valent Pneumococcal Haemophilus influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV10) against pneumococcal carriage in Finnish invasive pneumococcal disease (FinIP)-vaccinated children (long-term direct and indirect effectiveness combined) and in their unvaccinated siblings (indirect effectiveness within the family). The results illustrated the indirect effect of extended valency pneumococcal conjugate vaccination on carriage. Additionally, the findings depicted the long-term effectiveness against vaccine-type carriage in vaccinated children.