Kim KJ, et al. - In this real-world database analysis, researchers assessed the risk of major cardiocerebrovascular and renal outcomes in relation to treatment with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP4i) vs sulfonylurea (SU) combined with metformin in 23,674 patients with type 2 diabetes from a population-based cohort in Korea (2008–2013) by using Cox proportional-hazards models. Patients were treated with DPP4i plus metformin or SU plus metformin and were matched using propensity score. Participants were followed-up for a median duration of 19.6 months, during which time the occurrence of 762 composite cardiocerebrovascular events and 17 end-stage renal events were reported. No increased overall risk of major cardiovascular and renal outcomes was observed in relation to DPP4i therapy vs SU therapy. However, of significance was DPP4i-related risk of hospitalization for heart failure.