Cho IJ, et al. - In this retrospective review, the characteristics and echocardiographic changes were determined in patients with severe mitral stenosis (MS) who maintained sinus rhythm (SR) for at least 10 years after successful percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty (PMV). Researchers analyzed preprocedural, immediate postprocedural, and long-term follow-up echocardiography (at least 10 years after PMV) data and found that SR patients had significantly decreased left atrial diameter in the follow-up echocardiography images compared to its pre-PMV value, while it was significantly increased in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. Overall, very long-term maintenance of SR after successful PMV was shown to be related to preprocedural SR and LA diameter < 50 mm.