Maki PM, et al. - Using longitudinal data from two large, prospective, multisite, observational studies of US women and men with and without HIV, researchers investigated whether women are more vulnerable to HIV-related cognitive dysfunction vs men due to sociodemographic, lifestyle, mental health, and biological factors. This study was performed in the setting of the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) and Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). The sample (n=1,420) was comprised of 710 women (429 HIV+) and 710 men (429 HIV+) (67% non-Hispanic black; 53% high school or less). They identified only a few studies regarding sex differences. Findings suggest that HIV+ women vs men show cognitive disadvantages.