Li C, et al. - In this retrospective study, researchers ascertained if there are differences in clinic-pathological features and renal outcomes between proteinase 3 (PR3)-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-positive lupus nephritis (LN) patients and myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA-positive LN patients. The study sample consisted of 26 PR3-ANCA-positive LN patients and 69 MPO-ANCA-positive LN patients. MPO-ANCA-positive LN patients had significantly higher levels of serum creatinine, lower titers of antinuclear antibodies (ANA), and higher serum concentrations of C3 and C4 compared to PR3-ANCA-positive LN patients. Investigators found that MPO-ANCA-positive LN patients had more severely impaired baseline renal function and less active lupus serology. More severe chronic pathological modifications have happened in MPO-ANCA-positive LN patients, including interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy on renal specimens. They discovered that there were worse renal results in MPO-ANCA-positive LN patients.