Okada E, et al. - Among Japanese subjects (n=58,782; aged 40–79 years) who participated in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study, researchers assessed the risk of all-cause, total cardiovascular disease (CVD), stroke, coronary heart disease (CHD), total cancer, digestive cancer, and noncancer/non-CVD mortality in relation to Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) score. For the highest vs the lowest DII quintiles, the multivariable HR for all-cause death was 1.13. For total CVD, stroke, and CHD, the respective highest multivariable HRs were 1.30, 1.29, and 1.30 for CVD mortality. DII was not significantly related to the risk of total cancer, digestive cancer, and noncancer/non-CVD mortality. In this study, an increased risk of all-cause and CVD mortality was observed among Japanese adults in relation to a higher DII score.