Vidal AC, et al. - In this case-control study, researchers tested the premise that a pro-inflammatory diet would be correlated with higher risk of prostate cancer (PC). From 2007 to 2018, incident PC cases (n=254) and controls (n=328) were prospectively recruited at Durham Veteran Affairs. The association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) scores with and without supplements and overall PC risk was examined using logistic regression; multinomial logistic regression was used to assess low-grade PC risk (grade group 1) and high-grade PC (grade group 2–5). Although the association for DII without supplements was not significant, higher DII scores were related to high-grade PC with and without supplements. The data presented in this work showed a pro-inflammatory diet that was associated with high-grade PC was more common among black men. Further study is warranted by the extent to which a pro-inflammatory diet contributes to PC race disparities. If confirmed, studies should test whether a low-inflammatory diet, especially among Black men, can prevent high-grade PC.