Zhang F, Liu Y, Quan Q, et al. - The preoperative serum concentrations of cancer antigen 125 (CA125), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) were investigated for their diagnostic value for distinguishing leiomyosarcoma (LMS) from degenerated uterine fibroid (DUF). Researchers performed comparison of the preoperative serum concentrations of CA125, LDH and HE4 in participants with LMS (n = 37) with those of participants with pathologically diagnosed DUF (n = 102), who served as the control group. Significantly higher preoperative serum concentrations of CA125, LDH and HE4 were recorded among participants with LMS of the female reproductive system relative to those of participants with DUF. The cut-off preoperative serum concentration of 30.85 U/mL, 186.50 U/L and 50.50 pmol/L, were recorded for CA125, LDH and HE4, respectively. Findings suggest that analyzing preoperative serum concentrations of CA125, LDH and HE4, in combination, could aid in diagnostically differentiating LMS of the female reproductive system from DUF.