Wright VJ, et al. - In this case-control study, researchers evaluated a whole-blood gene expression signature that discriminates children with Kawasaki disease (KD) from other febrile conditions in the first week of illness. This investigation involved a discovery group that incorporated a training and test set and a validation group of children with KD or comparator febrile illness. Participants in the study were prospectively recruited at pediatric centers in the UK, Spain, the Netherlands, and the US. The data presented in this work showed a 13-transcript blood gene expression signature discriminated KD from other febrile conditions. Findings revealed that with a certainty of clinical diagnosis, diagnostic accuracy improved. A test including the 13-transcript disease risk score might allow earlier diagnosis and treatment of KD and decrease treatment that isn’t appropriate in other diagnoses.