Shyu YC, et al. - In this study, researchers examined if diabetes mellitus was associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and affected the all-cause mortality. From the Longitudinal Cohort of Diabetes Patients database, they retrieved a total of 2,966 CHB patients newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM) in 2000 and compared these with the non-DM patients from the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database using propensity scores matching based on age, sex-gender, alcohol-related liver disease, and baseline liver cirrhosis. Outcomes suggest that for CHB patients, DM is an independent risk factor associated with increasing disease development of HCC, HCC-related mortality, and all-cause mortality. To reduce the risk of disease development in CHB patients, strict DM control was thus supported.