Cerdeira Barreiro N, Santiago-García B, Casas I, et al. - The epidemiology, clinical presentation as well as the outcome of acute respiratory infections in children with febrile neutropenia (FN) were determined in this study with prospectively enrolled participants of < 18 years of age. The participants were recruited from the Pediatric Oncology-Hematology Unit. Over 32 months of duration, 73 cases with 112 episodes of FN were recorded. Findings revealed a respiratory virus (RV) isolation in a great proportion of children with FN admitted to a tertiary hospital. The use of a rapid molecular test, vs conventional microbiological methods, was associated with a significantly higher rate of this RV isolation. The most commonly isolated was rhinovirus, although no clarity was gained regarding its role as an active agent of acute infection. A lower rate of severe disease was reported in children with FN and a RV isolate.