Esmaeel NE, et al. - Researchers examined uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolated from urinary tract infection (UTI) cases in Zagazig University Hospitals for the occurrence and genetic determinants of resistance to fluoroquinolones (FQ). They performed the isolation of a total of 192 UPEC isolates; these isolates were then identified and were tested for susceptibility using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Using the disc diffusion method, 46.9% (n = 90) of the isolates were identified as FQ resistant. E-test led to the recognition of high-level ciprofloxacin resistance (MIC > 32 μg/mL) in more than half of the isolates (57.8%). Using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and a couple of multiplex PCR reactions, they identified a high prevalence of both gyrA mutations and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants among these UPEC isolates; 76.7% of isolates exhibited mutations in gyrA and 80.1% of UPEC isolates showed PMQR determinants. The high-level ciprofloxacin resistance could be explained with this finding, necessitating the review of the antibiotics used for the empirical therapy of UTI.