Dutkiewicz R, et al. - Given that acute hip fracture (AHF) surgery carries high postoperative mortality, and retrospective studies indicate that mortality in AHF-patients can be predicted by cognitive impairment and/or changed levels of Alzheimer Disease (AD)-biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), researchers undertook this prospective single-center study to unveil the truth about this finding. Participants were 373 AHF-patients, operated in spinal anesthesia. By means of clinical dementia rating, cognitive status was assessed; they analyzed CSF for AD-biomarker levels (total tau, phosphorylated tau, amyloid beta ratio (Aβ42/Aβ40). According to the findings, in patients with an AHF, the prediction of increased mortality was enabled by cognitive impairment and altered CSF biomarker levels suggestive of AD pathology, and so probably even prior to clinical dementia diagnosis by early biomarker analysis.