Cez A, et al. - This clinicopathological study examined the ramifications of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) on the kidney by analyzing the renal expression of megalin and cubilin proteins, along with the mitochondrial respiratory chain activity. TDF resulted in nephrotoxicity which was characterized by altered megalin/cubilin expression. Its severity was related to urine retinol binding protein loss. It also correlated with a poor renal prognosis. Based on the results, it was deduced that the concomitant exposure to other nephrotoxic conditions severely affected the renal presentation and outcome.