Miki T, et al. - In this substudy of a multicenter trial, researchers examined the link between the change in oxidized high-density lipoprotein (oxHDL) and progression of coronary artery calcification (CAC) via a prospective analysis. In the principal study, no difference in the increase in CAC was found between patients with a CAC score of 1–999 treated with pitavastatin with or without eicosapentaenoic acid. Two groups of patients were defined in this substudy: CAC progression (change in Agatston score of > 0) and no CAC progression. Overall, 140 patients were included. Findings revealed a link between the decrease in oxHDL and reduction of CAC progression, which suggested that oxHDL represents a potential target for atherosclerosis prevention.