Zittermann A, et al. - In patients with established cardiovascular disease, authors gauged the impact of a moderately high vitamin D dose on lipid parameters and biochemical markers of vascular calcification (VC). In this pre-specified secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial, they included 161 patients with advanced heart failure and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations < 75 nmol/L, who received a daily vitamin D3 supplement of 4,000 IU for 3 years. The lipid profile was not seen to improve with vitamin D and it does not influence the calcification inhibitors fetuin-A and non-phosphorylated undercarboxylated MGP in patients with advanced heart failure.