Eckman MH, Reed JL, Trent M, et al. - Researchers sought to determine the most cost-effective screening strategy for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in adolescents and young adults seeking acute care at pediatric emergency departments (EDs). In this economic evaluation, which is a component of an ongoing, larger multicenter clinical trial at the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network, a hypothetical population of 10,000 ED visits by individuals aged 15 to 21 years was assessed. Evaluation of following 3 screening strategies was performed: (1) no screening, (2) targeted screening, and (3) universally offered screening. In targeted screening, the completion of a sexual health survey was involved, which provided an estimated sexually transmitted infection (STI) risk (at risk, high risk, or low risk). Greater success was achieved in detection and treatment of STIs with undertaking targeted and universally offered screening strategies relative to the no screening strategy, however these were more expensive. For targeted screening vs no screening and for universally offered screening vs targeted screening, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were $6,444 and $12,139, respectively. Overall findings suggest that both targeted screening and universally offered screening are cost-effective strategies for detecting chlamydial and gonococcal infections in these adolescents and young adults.