Nijman TAJ, et al. - The cost-effectiveness of treatment with nifedipine compared to atosiban in women with threatened preterm birth was assessed via performing an economic analysis alongside a randomized clinical trial. Researchers analyzed women with threatened preterm birth between 25 and 34 weeks of gestation, randomized for tocolysis with either nifedipine or atosiban at Obstetric Departments of twelve tertiary hospitals and seven secondary hospitals in the Netherlands and Belgium. Treatment with nifedipine resulted in lower costs when compared to treatment with atosiban. However, a non-significantly higher death rate was evident in the nifedipine group. A lower neonatal intensive care unit admission (NICU) rate in the nifedipine group explains the difference in costs.