van den Kieboom J, Tirumala V, Xiong L, et al. - The diagnostic performance of serum and synovial fluid markers for diagnosing PJI was examined in 144 consecutive patients comprising of 41 patients with concomitant PJI and periprosthetic fracture and 103 patients with periprosthetic fracture alone. Researchers assessed serum markers erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP), and synovial markers white blood cell (WBC) count and polymorphonuclear percentage. Analysis revealed lower diagnostic utility of the serum and synovial markers for diagnosing PJI in the setting of concomitant periprosthetic fracture vs PJI alone. Using the Musculoskeletal Infection Society thresholds, ESR, CRP, and WBC count displayed high sensitivity, yet low specificity, hence they recommend considering higher thresholds and utilizing all serum and synovial markers in combination.