Hu C, Liu C, Tian S, et al. - Using the TARGET (Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments) dataset, researchers explored the impact of the tumor microenvironment (TME) as well as related genes in patients suffering from osteosarcoma. They obtained gene expression profiles and clinical data of osteosarcoma patients. Quantification of the immune score was done employing ESTIMATE (Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumor tissues using Expression data) algorithm. They developed two prognostic signatures for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), respectively, by conducting Cox analyses. For validation of signatures, two datasets from the GEO database were utilized. A favorable OS and DFS was observed in patients exhibiting higher immune score. TME-related genes were 769 in total. Significant categorization of patients into low- and high-risk groups could be done using both two signatures, and these signatures were validated in two GEO datasets. Overall, findings showed an association of TME with the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients. Experts inferred that OS and DFS of osteosarcoma patients can be effectively predicted by prognostic models based on TME-related genes.