Song GG, et al. - Researchers investigated the efficacy and safety of tofacitinib and upadacitinib in combination with methotrexate (MTX) in RA patients with an inadequate conventional synthetic- or biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs response via performing a Bayesian network meta-analysis to combine direct and indirect evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Inclusion criteria were met by nine RCTs including 5794 patients. Fifteen pairwise comparisons including 10 direct comparisons of 6 interventions were made. The analysis revealed upadacitinib 15 mg + MTX and upadacitinib 30 mg + MTX as the most efficacious interventions for these patients. These interventions, in addition, showed no correlation to significant risks of serious adverse events.