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Comparison of morphine, dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone as an adjuvant to ropivacaine in ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block for postoperative analgesia--A randomized controlled trial

Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology Apr 15, 2021

Venkatraman R, Pushparani A, Karthik K, et al. - In this randomized, double-blinded study, researchers performed comparison between morphine, dexmedetomidine, and dexamethasone as an additive to ropivacaine in ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block (SBPB) for postoperative analgesia. They performed random assignment of a total of 150 patients undergoing upper extremity surgery to three groups: group A (morphine 5 mg), group B (dexmedetomidine 50 μg), and group C (dexamethasone 8 mg). Addition of the additives was done to 30 ml of 0.5% ropivacaine solution and their administration was done in SBPB. Significantly longer duration of analgesia was observed in dexamethasone (867.2 ± 217.6 min) than morphine (739. 2 ± 162.5 min) and dexmedetomidine (654.2 ± 179.9 min). Overall findings suggest that in brachial plexus block, dexamethasone is an ideal adjuvant to ropivacaine to prolong postoperative analgesia and devoid of adverse effects. A quicker onset of sensory and motor blockade was observed with dexmedetomidine.

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