Sun Q, et al. - In patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA), researchers compared the impacts of intravenous, topical and combined routes of tranexamic acid (TXA) administration on blood loss and transfusion requirements. Via searching the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane CENTRAL databases for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared different routes of TXA administration, patients undergoing TKA or THA were included. Findings revealed that the effectiveness and safety profiles of the intravenous and topical routes were similar. Investigators found that the intravenous and topical TXA combination was relatively more effective in controlling bleeding without a higher risk of VTE.