Fischer AM, Varga-Szemes A, van Assen M, et al. - This study was carried out to assess an artificial intelligence (AI)-based prototype algorithm for fully automated quantification of emphysema on chest CT compared with pulmonary function testing (spirometry). Researchers recruited a sum of 141 individuals (72 women, mean age ± SD of 66.46 ± 9.7 years [range, 23–86 years]; 69 men, mean age of 66.72 ± 11.4 years [range, 27–91 years]) who underwent both chest CT acquisition and spirometry within 6 months. They applied spirometry-based Tiffeneau index (TI; calculated as the ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced vital capacity) to estimate emphysema severity; a value less than 0.7 was considered to indicate airway obstruction. The results indicated that AI-based, fully automated emphysema quantification displays a good relationship with TI, potentially contributing to an image-based diagnosis and quantification of emphysema severity.