Gelbard A, Anderson C, Berry LD, et al. - In this international, prospective, 3-year multicenter cohort study, researchers compared the results of the three most common surgical approaches for idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS), a rare, recurrent, and devastating fibroinflammatory disease leading to narrowing of the upper airway and severe dyspnea in white adult women. According to results, endoscopic dilation, the most popular surgical approach for iSGS, was linked to a higher recurrence rate vs other procedures in this cohort study of 810 individuals with iSGS. Cricotracheal resection provided the most lasting outcomes but demonstrated the greatest perioperative risk and the worst long-term outcomes of voice. Endoscopic resection with medical therapy was related to better disease control vs endoscopic dilation and had minimal relationship with vocal function. Such findings can be used to guide decision-making for individual patient care.