Gelbard A, Anderson C, Berry LD, et al. - Researchers conducted this international, prospective, 3-year multicenter cohort study to compare the results of the three most common surgical approaches (endoscopic dilation [ED], endoscopic resection with adjuvant medical therapy, or cricotracheal resection [CTR]) for idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS), a rare, recurrent, and devastating fibroinflammatory disease leading to narrowing of the upper airway and severe dyspnea in white adult women. The authors discovered that ED, the most popular surgical approach for iSGS, was correlated to a higher recurrence rate vs other procedures in this cohort study of 810 individuals with iSGS. CTR provided the most lasting outcomes but exhibited the greatest perioperative risk and the worst long-term outcomes of voice. Endoscopic resection with medical therapy was related to better disease control vs endoscopic dilation and had a minimal connection with vocal function. Such findings can be used to inform the decision-making process of individual patient care.