Wang W, Yu Y, Wen J, et al. - Via a prospective inquiry, researchers focused on the diagnostic benefits of functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the assessment of kidney allograft interstitial fibrosis. Using functional MRI, they analyzed 103 kidney transplant recipients who underwent for-cause biopsies and 20 biopsy-proven normal individuals. By apparent diffusion coefficient, 0.87 and 0.88 were estimated to be the area under the curve for the differentiation of ≤ 25% vs > 25% interstitial fibrosis and ≤ 50% vs > 50% interstitial fibrosis. These values by arterial spin labeling were 0.92 and 0.94, by perfusion fraction were 0.81 and 0.86, and by blood oxygen level–dependent imaging were 0.79 and 0.85. Overall, findings revealed strong correlations of functional MRI measurements with kidney allograft interstitial fibrosis. Functional MRI displayed good to excellent performances for distinguishing ≤ 50% vs > 50% interstitial fibrosis.