Cisneros JM, Rosso-Fernández CM, Roca-Oporto C, et al. - Researchers compared colistin (4.5 million unit loading dose followed by a maintenance dose of 3 million units every 8 h) vs meropenem (2 g every 8 h), both in combination with levofloxacin (500 mg every 12 h) for 7–14 days in patients with late ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), focusing on the efficacy and safety of these agents in this multicenter prospective randomized trial performed in 32 European centers. Randomization of 232 patients to the 2 treatment groups was done between May 2012 and October 2015. As far as the efficacy in the empirical treatment of late VAP was concerned, colistin was not found to be non-inferior to meropenem, both combined with levofloxacin. However, findings revealed the greater nephrotoxicity of colistin. Overall, the empirical use of colistin for the treatment of late VAP was not supported because of early termination.