Frey A, et al. - Researchers performed an extensive assessment in systolic and diastolic heart failure (HF) patients (mean age 64 ± 11 years; 16% female; mean left ventricular ejection fraction 43 ± 8%), to determine the range of brain lesions and the extent to which lesion type contributes to cognitive impairment in these subjects. These patients underwent cardiological, neurological, and neuropsychological testing and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI controls included healthy, sex- and age-matched subjects sampled from the Austrian Stroke Prevention Study. Findings revealed cognitive deficits in the domains of attention and memory in HF patients. An association of medial temporal lobe atrophy, but not of white matter lesion load, with cognitive impairment seemed to exist.