Alicandro G, et al. – This research coveted an appraisal of the present evidence on coffee drinking and the risk of all cancers and selected cancers. Regardless of the mixed nature of the findings, the overall evidence did not display a correlation between coffee intake with cancers of the stomach, pancreas, lung, breast, ovary, and prostate. Data was limited, with the relative risk (RR) close to unity for other neoplasms, with the inclusion of those of the esophagus, small intestine, gallbladder and biliary tract, skin, kidney, brain, thyroid, along with soft tissue sarcoma and lymphohematopoietic cancer.

• A pooled relative risk (RR) for an increment of 1 cup of coffee/day of 1.00 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.99-1.01] was noted for all cancers.
• Coffee drinking was linked to a reduced risk of liver cancer.
• An RR was found for an increment of consumption of 1 cup/day of 0.85 (95% CI: 0.81-0.90) for liver cancer and a favorable effect on liver enzymes and cirrhosis.
• Another meta-analysis illustrated an inverse association with endometrial cancer risk, with an RR of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.88-0.96) for an increment of 1 cup/day.
• A potential decreased risk was detected in few studies for oral/pharyngeal cancer and for advanced prostate cancer.
• Though the findings were mixed, a certain favorable effect was observed, of coffee drinking on colorectal cancer in case-control studies, in the absence of a consistent relationship in cohort studies.
• For bladder cancer, the results were not consistent.
• Any possible direct relation was not dose and duration related.
• It could depend on a residual confounding effect of smoking.
• A few studies indicated an increased risk of childhood leukemia after maternal coffee drinking during pregnancy, but data were limited and inconsistent.