Kallweit U, et al. - An international multicenter sleep center survey and literature review on narcolepsy with (NC) and without (NwC) cataplexy was conducted to determine the co-occurrence of narcolepsy with other autoimmune disorders (including multiple sclerosis, MS). Twenty-six patients, 6 in the survey and 20 in the literature, were involved. In four subjects, there was a positive effect of steroids, immunoglobulins or natalizumab on narcolepsy symptoms. Researchers reported that narcolepsy and MS were rarely associated. Some patients present a coexistence of MS with NC without detectable hypothalamic lesions, in addition to NwC secondary to hypothalamic demyelination. The rarity of reports on this relationship probably reflects underrecognition.