Maitland K, Olupot-Olupot P, Kiguli S, et al. - In view of post-discharge poor outcomes among pediatric admitted to hospital for severe anemia in Africa; researchers sought to determine whether post-discharge interventions can improve these outcomes. Within the two-stratum, open-label, multicentre, factorial randomized TRACT trial, they randomized 3,983 children (aged 2 months to 12 years) with severe anemia at admission to hospital to enhanced nutritional supplementation with iron and folate-containing multivitamin multimineral supplements vs iron and folate alone at treatment doses (usual care), and to co-trimoxazole vs no co-trimoxazole. Outcomes revealed no improvement in 6-month survival in correlation to either enhanced supplementation with multivitamin multimineral supplement vs iron and folate treatment or co-trimoxazole prophylaxis. The high rates of hospital re-admission highlight the urgent necessity for novel interventions for severe anemia, given the burden it places on overstretched health services in Africa.